Discussion Topics
- Fescue Toxicosis, symptoms and causes
- Economics
- Establishment and 1st year Management
- Seed and Endophyte Testing
- Toxic to Non-Toxic Transition
- Company Products
- Demonstrations
- Producer Panel
- Financial Incentives
Background Information
Tall Fescue Toxicosis affects cattle foraging on toxic Tall Fescue. It can cause multiple health issues, including loss of livestock. Health issues directly translate into lost revenue for cattle producers. Researchers at Clemson University have estimated that revenue lost to Fescue Toxicosis can reach $1 billion annually industry wide.
Tall Fescue, or Kentucky 31, (K31) is naturally heat, drought, disease and insect resistant. Studies have revealed that an endophyte- a fungus that grows between the cell walls of the Fescue plant is responsible for K31’s hardiness.
In the mid 70’s research discovered that this endophyte was a dangerous toxin to foraging livestock. The fungus produces ergot alkaloids, compounds that shrink blood vessels and reduce blood flow. Reduced blood flow impairs an animal’s natural ability to cool itself in hot weather. Overheated cattle become lethargic and eat less, gaining less weight. During cold weather, the “vaso-constriction” (shrinking of blood vessels), restrict blood flow and warmth to extremities. In severe cases an animal’s hoof will slough off – this is “Fescue Foot.” The only course of action is to put the animal down. Toxic Fescue also inhibits normal reproduction. Reduced conception rates, lower birth weights and growth rates have been documented. Fescue Toxicosis can inhibit milk production; a condition called Agalactia.
Scientific research has led to the development of “novel-endophyte” strains for Tall Fescue. The endophytes are non-toxic to livestock and possess environmental stress resistances similar to K31.
Registration Information: http://grasslandrenewal.org/education.htm
Telephone: 660-895-5121
