Custom rate guides are welcomed resources in those states that continue to do the survey legwork; unfortunately, many do not. Each year, eHay Weekly offers readers a one-stop shop for accessing custom fieldwork rate information from those states that have done surveys in the past few years. Especially for forage crops, custom field work and harvesting is a common practice.

Custom farm operation inputs and associated costs have trended higher over the past five years, so we see rates doing much the same. Labor has also become both a limiting and higher cost expense.

As in past years, there are states that have updated their rate guides since a year ago. Of course, many states no longer do custom rate surveys. Only a few states survey custom operators every year (for example, Iowa), and many do a survey every two to four years. In some cases, it is the state’s agriculture statistics service that leads the effort while in others it is the land-grant university.

The methods by which surveys are completed vary somewhat from state to state. Sometimes fuel is included, and in other cases, it is not. Some states report more detail than others; for example, there may be separate line items for different large bale sizes. Many are based on actual farmer and custom operator surveys, but a few states derive their charges from data compiled in surrounding states.

Most states cite the range of reported charges for a particular operation and the average and/or median charge. In addition, some states break out survey results by regions while others just offer a state average. Users need to keep in mind that values are derived from a variety of individual situations — new and old equipment, large and small equipment, and so forth.

Finally, custom rates are usually higher than actual machinery costs. This must be the case if profit is to be made. If you’re looking for insight into actual costs to operate machinery, the University of Minnesota is usually recognized as providing the gold standard with their “Machinery Cost Estimates” publication that is updated each year. The University of Illinois and Iowa State University also offer some help.

Below is a list of states with a link to their most recent custom rate guides. Only states that have updated rates since 2020 are included. Unfortunately, states in the South and West are noticeably underrepresented. Added to the list this year was Pennsylvania. Dropped was Idaho.

If you know of a state that was missed, please feel free to contact me (mrankin@hayandforage.com), and it will get added. Some of these states may be in the process of updating their survey but have not yet posted results.